Key Concepts
- Victory Day: Russia's annual celebration commemorating the Soviet Union's defeat of Nazi Germany.
- Signal to domestic and foreign audiences: Russia uses the parade to project strength and national unity.
- Reframing history: The Russian government links World War II to the current conflict in Ukraine.
- China-Russia ties: China's support for Russia through economic cooperation and political alignment.
- Global South: The presence of leaders from developing nations at the parade signifies an alternative agenda to Western dominance.
- Dual-use technologies: Technologies that can be used for both civilian and military purposes.
- Alternative agenda: Russia and China's attempt to offer a different global order, challenging US dominance.
Victory Day Parade Significance
The annual Victory Day parade in Moscow marks the 80th anniversary of the Soviet Union's victory over Nazi Germany. This year's parade is particularly significant due to the large foreign presence, including leaders from over 20 states, primarily from the Global South, with China's Xi Jinping being a notable attendee. The Kremlin views this as a show of support for Russia, both domestically and internationally, especially amidst the ongoing war in Ukraine. The parade also features a flyover, which was previously canceled due to Ukrainian drone attacks, further emphasizing Russia's show of force.
Domestic Messaging and Historical Reframing
Victory Day is Russia's most important national holiday, serving as a day of remembrance for the 20-25 million Soviet citizens who died during World War II. The Russian government uses this day to draw parallels between the fight against Nazi Germany and the current conflict in Ukraine. This reframing of history aims to justify the war in Ukraine to the Russian public, despite the fact that Ukrainians fought alongside Russians against Nazi Germany during World War II.
China-Russia Relations
China's participation in the Victory Day parade, particularly Xi Jinping's attendance, is a strong signal of support for Russia. China supports Russia's war in Ukraine by providing dual-use technologies and purchasing Russian oil and gas, which helps stabilize the Russian economy. This partnership is seen as a counter to Western dominance, with both Russia and China aiming to establish a new global order.
China's Role in Potential Ceasefire
While there are ongoing negotiations and talks of a potential ceasefire between Russia and Ukraine, China's specific role remains unclear. However, China's continued support for Russia suggests that it benefits from a world order that is not solely dominated by the United States. The presence of leaders from the Global South at the parade further indicates a desire for an alternative agenda.
The Russian Tragedy: Then and Now
The DW correspondent and author of "The Russian Tragedy," Vladimir Esipov, reflects on the immense suffering of the Soviet people during World War II, emphasizing that it was a time of mass death and hardship. Despite the current tragedy in Ukraine, Victory Day remains a day of remembrance for the Russian-speaking population, honoring the memory of those who perished in the war against Nazi Germany. Esipov believes the parade honors the memories of the fallen 25 million people.
Conclusion
The Victory Day parade is a multifaceted event with significant implications for Russia's domestic and foreign policy. It serves as a show of force, a reminder of historical sacrifices, and a platform for strengthening alliances, particularly with China. The event also highlights the ongoing tensions between Russia and the West, as well as the desire for an alternative global order.
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