Turkey struggles 3 years on from mega quakeーNHK WORLD-JAPAN NEWS

Key Concepts

• Seismic Standards & Illegal Construction: The role of non-compliant building practices in exacerbating earthquake damage.
• Post-Disaster Housing Reconstruction: Government initiatives and challenges in providing new housing to those displaced.
• Economic Hardship & Inflation: The financial burdens faced by survivors, impacting their ability to rebuild.
• Psychological Impact & Community Resilience: The emotional toll of the earthquake and the role of community support in recovery.
• Temporary Shelter Transition: The challenges of moving from temporary housing to permanent solutions.

The Aftermath of the 2023 Turkey-Syria Earthquake: Reconstruction, Challenges, and Resilience

The magnitude 7.8 earthquake that struck southern Turkey and Syria in 2023 resulted in a devastating loss of life, with nearly 60,000 fatalities across both countries. While Turkey has prioritized reconstruction, significant hurdles remain for many survivors, particularly in the hardest-hit regions like Hatai province.

Scale of Destruction and Initial Response

Approximately 800,000 homes and shops were flattened or severely damaged across Turkey. Initial reports highlighted that a substantial number of buildings failed to meet established seismic standards, and widespread illegal construction significantly contributed to the extent of the disaster. President Raip Taip Erdogan designated housing reconstruction as a top national priority, aiming to expedite recovery efforts. As of the reporting date, over 455,000 housing units had been delivered to eligible recipients, as stated by President Erdogan: “We have delivered more than 455,000 housing units to those eligible to receive them. I wish all our citizens who are beginning new lives in these homes good luck and prosperity.”

Ongoing Challenges: Economic Strain and Hidden Costs

Despite the government’s efforts, many families continue to live in temporary shelters. Sakan Yardamja, residing with his wife and two children in a 20 square meter container unit, exemplifies this situation. While rent is waived, the family struggles financially after the cessation of government support, relying solely on his $500 monthly salary as a cook. The family was approved for a new apartment in October, offered in exchange for the land their previous home occupied – a unit five times larger with separate bedrooms. However, they face unexpected maintenance bills totaling approximately $320 before even moving in, representing a significant financial burden. The looming threat of rising electricity and gas prices due to inflation further complicates their situation. Local authorities plan to close all temporary container units by June, adding pressure to relocate despite these financial obstacles. As Sakan Yardamja states, “It will be very very difficult but we have to leave the unit for the sake of our kids. We went through so much hardship. Life in the container was full of deprivations. We want to move as soon as possible.”

Building Safety Concerns and Government Initiatives

Illegal construction remains a critical issue. An earthquake in Istanbul last April injured over 200 people, some of whom jumped from windows fearing building collapse, demonstrating a deep-seated distrust in building safety. City authorities are offering seismic inspections and subsidies for rebuilding, but inflation limits the effectiveness of these measures.

Community Resilience and Psychological Recovery

In the port city of Iskanderin, community initiatives are aiding recovery. The local soccer team, “Iskendaran February 6th,” formed after the earthquake, serves as a symbol of resilience and remembrance. CM Ashkhan, a 14-year-old player who lost her mother in the disaster and was rescued from rubble after six hours, found solace and a sense of purpose through the team. She articulates the emotional impact: “The earthquake left enormous problems. I lost my mother. We all lost so much… We lost so many loved ones. But if we want to be happy, we have to live with this pain. I believe my mother is watching over me and I want her to be proud.” This highlights the importance of psychological support and community building in the long-term recovery process.

Conclusion

The reconstruction efforts following the 2023 Turkey-Syria earthquake are ongoing, but face significant challenges. While the Turkish government has made strides in providing new housing, economic hardships, unexpected costs, and lingering concerns about building safety impede progress for many survivors. Long-term support, both financial and psychological, is crucial for enabling survivors to rebuild their lives and fostering community resilience in the face of immense loss and hardship.