Toàn cảnh: Ngày làm việc đầu tiên của Kỳ họp thứ 10, Quốc hội khóa XV | VTV24

Key Concepts:

• Kỳ họp thứ 10 Quốc hội khóa 15: The 10th session of the 15th National Assembly.
• Tổng kết nhiệm kỳ: Concluding the term.
• Phát triển kinh tế xã hội: Socio-economic development.
• Ngân sách nhà nước: State budget.
• Đầu tư công: Public investment.
• Chương trình mục tiêu quốc gia: National target programs.
• Đại hội Đảng toàn quốc lần thứ 14: The 14th National Party Congress.
• Lập pháp: Legislation.
• Giám sát tối cao: Supreme oversight.
• Nhân sự: Personnel.
• Đổi mới sáng tạo: Innovation.
• Chuyển đổi số: Digital transformation.
• Chính phủ số, xã hội số, công dân số: Digital government, digital society, digital citizens.
• Nhà nước pháp quyền xã hội chủ nghĩa: Socialist rule of law state.
• Kinh tế thị trường định hướng xã hội chủ nghĩa: Socialist-oriented market economy.
• Cải cách tư pháp: Judicial reform.
• Kiểm toán nhà nước: State Audit.
• Thiên tai: Natural disasters.
• Biến đổi khí hậu: Climate change.

Summary of the 10th Session of the 15th National Assembly

The 10th session of the 15th National Assembly commenced in Hanoi, attended by key national leaders including General Secretary Tô Lâm, President Lương Cường, Prime Minister Phạm Minh Chính, and National Assembly Chairman Trần Thanh Mẫn.

1. Objectives and Scope of the Session

• Main Purpose: The session serves as both a conclusion to the current term and a launchpad for a new development phase.
• Duration: Approximately 40 days.
• Workload: A significant volume of work, including strategic discussions and decisions.

2. Key Legislative and Policy Agendas

• Government Reports: Review of Government reports on socio-economic development, state budget, and public investment plans for 2025.
• National Target Programs: Consideration and decision on investment policies for national target programs, including:
  • New Rural Development.
  • Sustainable Poverty Reduction and Socio-economic Development for Ethnic Minority and Mountainous Areas until 2030.
  • Modernization, quality improvement in education and training, healthcare, population, and development for the period 2026-2035.
  • Goal: To ensure equitable and sustainable enjoyment of development achievements by every citizen and family, targeting the right people, at the right time, and for the right needs.
• Personnel Matters: Decisions on personnel within the National Assembly's authority.
• Party Congress Documents: Discussion and feedback on draft documents for the 14th National Party Congress.
• Legislative Output: Approval of 53 draft laws and resolutions, including 49 laws. This is noted as the largest legislative workload in the history of National Assembly sessions, emphasizing the principle of "law precedes innovation" and prioritizing the people's lives and interests.

3. Key Arguments and Perspectives

• National Assembly Chairman Trần Thanh Mẫn's Opening Speech:
  • Affirmed the session's dual role of concluding the term and initiating a new era.
  • Emphasized the strategic importance of the agenda.
  • Stated the legislative goal of "law precedes innovation" to pave the way for progress.
  • Quoted General Secretary Tô Lâm: "There are no obstacles, no reasons that can stop us from reaching peace, prosperity, and the eternal development of our nation."
  • Expressed condolences to regions affected by recent natural disasters (typhoons, floods, landslides, widespread flooding).
• Prime Minister Phạm Minh Chính's Report on Socio-Economic Performance:
  • Context: Complex global situation, lingering effects of the COVID-19 pandemic, domestic challenges outweighing opportunities.
  • Achievements (2021-2025):
    • Successfully controlled and effectively overcome the COVID-19 pandemic, prioritizing public health. International recognition for a strategy combining vaccination and administrative measures, and decisive diplomatic efforts. Vietnam was among the top 5 globally for vaccine coverage. Mortality rate was 0.37%, significantly lower than the global average of 1%.
    • Timely transition to safe, flexible adaptation, enabling early economic reopening.
    • Provided VND 119 trillion in support to over 68.4 million workers and 1.4 million employers.
    • Tax, fee, and charge exemptions/extensions totaling VND 580 trillion.
    • Economic Resilience: Vietnam's economy demonstrated resilience to external shocks, maintaining high growth rates.
      • GDP growth projected to exceed 8% in 2025.
      • Average GDP growth for 2021-2025: 6.3% (higher than the previous term's 6.2%).
      • 2021 growth: 2.55% due to the pandemic.
      • Economy size: Increased from USD 346 billion in 2020 to USD 510 billion in 2025, ranking 32nd globally.
      • Per capita GDP: Estimated at USD 5,000 in 2025, 1.4 times higher than in 2020, placing Vietnam in the upper-middle-income group.
      • Macroeconomic stability: Inflation controlled below 4%. Major economic balances maintained.
      • State budget revenue: Estimated at VND 9.6 million billion, 1.36 times the previous term, exceeding the target of VND 8.3 million billion.
      • Tax/fee relief: Approximately VND 1.1 million billion.
      • Increased revenue and savings in expenditure: VND 1.57 million billion.
      • Growth Drivers:
        • Public investment: Approximately VND 3.4 million billion, a nearly 55% increase (VND 1.2 million billion in absolute terms) compared to the previous term. Investment became more focused, with a reduction in central budget-funded projects from 11,000 to 4,600.
        • FDI: Total FDI reached USD 185 billion, a nearly 9% increase, placing Vietnam among the top 15 developing countries for FDI attraction.
        • Trade volume: Increased significantly from USD 545.4 billion in 2020 to a record USD 900 billion in 2025, ranking Vietnam among the top 20 countries for import-export.
        • Trade surplus: Exceeded USD 88 billion, more than double the previous term.
        • Tourism: Recovered, with an estimated 22-23 million international visitors in 2025, the highest ever.
    • Three Strategic Breakthroughs: Implemented decisively and effectively, opening new avenues for development.
      • Infrastructure: Breakthrough development with large-scale, modern, interconnected projects shaping the future.
      • Science, Technology, Innovation, and Digital Transformation: Decisive implementation with important initial results.
      • Project Resolution: Resolution of long-standing, delayed projects, freeing up resources.
    • Social and Cultural Progress: Advancements in awareness, action, and outcomes. Improved living standards.
    • Government and Local Administration Reform: Streamlined government and two-tier local administration, with increased decentralization.
    • National Defense and Security: Strengthened capabilities.
    • Foreign Affairs and International Integration: A bright spot, enhancing Vietnam's international prestige and position.
  • Overall Assessment: The achievements in 2025 and the 2021-2025 period are highly commendable, with each year and the current term surpassing the previous ones in most areas. This has created momentum for rapid, sustainable, and inclusive development, fostering confidence in the Party and State.
  • Limitations and Challenges:
    • Pressure to maintain macroeconomic stability.
    • Insufficient policy mechanisms to leverage human, natural, and cultural resources, and to protect the environment.
    • Complex developments in real estate, gold, and bond markets.
    • Difficulties in production and business in some sectors.
    • Science, technology, innovation, and digital transformation not yet primary growth drivers.
    • Contradictions and overlaps in some legal regulations.
  • Socio-Economic Development Plan for 2026:
    • Key Targets: 15 main targets, including GDP growth of 10% or more, per capita GDP of USD 5,400-5,500, average CPI increase of around 4.5%, average labor productivity increase of around 8%, and a reduction in the multidimensional poverty rate by 1-1.5%.
    • Key Tasks and Solutions:
      • Prioritize growth while maintaining macroeconomic stability, controlling inflation, and ensuring major economic balances.
      • Coordinate fiscal and monetary policies, manage interest and exchange rates, and aim to reduce lending rates.
      • Focus credit on production, business, and priority sectors with preferential credit packages.
      • Effectively manage gold, corporate bond, and real estate markets.
      • Increase state budget revenue by at least 10%, practice thrift, reduce regular expenditure, and increase development investment to 40%.
      • Renew and enhance traditional growth drivers (investment, consumption, exports).
      • Strongly promote new growth drivers: digital economy, green economy, circular economy, sharing economy, semiconductor industry, AI.
      • Accelerate industrialization and modernization, restructure the economy.
      • Implement decisive policies for key sectors.
      • Build and perfect development institutions.
      • Continue to improve the state administrative apparatus.
      • Address long-standing projects.
      • Invest in strategic infrastructure with special mechanisms for effective utilization of sea, space, and underground resources.
      • Develop high-quality human resources.
      • Focus on cultural development, social security, and improving people's lives.
      • Proactively respond to climate change, disaster prevention, resource management, and environmental protection.
      • Strengthen national defense, security, and social order.
      • Enhance foreign affairs and international integration, maintaining peace, stability, cooperation, and development.
• Prime Minister's Closing Remarks:
  • Expressed gratitude for leadership and support.
  • Reiterated commitment to leading the nation into a new era of peace, prosperity, civilization, and happiness.
• Economic and Financial Committee's Assessment:
  • Praised the Government's decisive policies, bold actions, and flexible management.
  • Noted that 22 out of 26 key socio-economic targets for 2021-2025 are expected to be met or exceeded.
  • Highlighted strong growth in the final two years of the term, with 2025 growth estimated at 8%.
  • Acknowledged the economy's resilience and adaptability.
  • Recommendations:
    • Maintain macroeconomic stability.
    • Implement tight monetary policy and proactive fiscal policy.
    • Accelerate institutional reform.
    • Develop both traditional and new growth drivers for sustainable development in 2026-2030.
  • Concerns:
    • Growth targets facing pressure due to insufficient momentum from exports, consumption, and investment.
    • Limited growth quality, reliance on processing and imported raw materials/technology.
    • Dominance of FDI in exports and imports challenges self-reliance and competitiveness.
    • Strategic breakthroughs (institutions, human resources, infrastructure) have not yet achieved breakthrough progress.
• Report on Public Opinion and Recommendations:
  • Positive Feedback: Appreciation for streamlined government, successful national celebrations, exceeding socio-economic targets, completion of housing programs for the poor, and social welfare policies (tuition fee waivers, health check-ups, hospital fee reductions). Acknowledged the VND 100,000 gift on National Day as strengthening the Party-people relationship.
  • Concerns: Rising gold and real estate prices, fatal fires, severe natural disasters.
  • Recommendations:
    • Continue to guide the implementation of the two-tier local government model.
    • Organize public consultation for the 14th Party Congress documents.
    • Ensure successful elections for the 16th National Assembly and local People's Councils.
    • Combat counterfeit goods.
    • Develop effective solutions for disaster prevention and mitigation in the context of climate change.
• National Assembly Chairman Trần Thanh Mẫn on the 15th National Assembly's Term (2021-2026):
  • Described the term as "special," facing unprecedented challenges (global pandemic, climate change, geopolitical instability).
  • Workload increased significantly, with many complex and novel issues.
  • Affirmed the National Assembly's role as the highest state power body and representative of the people, demonstrating wisdom, innovation, professionalism, transparency, democracy, and effectiveness.
  • Key Functions: Constitution-making, legislation, supreme oversight, and decision-making on important national issues.
  • Legislative Reforms:
    • Strong innovation in legislative thinking and processes, proactive preparation, and anticipating future needs.
    • Policies centered on people and businesses, removing obstacles to production and resource mobilization.
    • First time, the National Assembly submitted a legislative program orientation for the entire term to the Politburo for approval.
    • Systematic review of legal documents to ensure consistency and feasibility.
  • Oversight Reforms:
    • Strengthened, focused, and practical oversight, addressing timely and impactful issues.
    • First-time organization of a National Assembly oversight forum.
    • Reporting on oversight of constituent feedback, public reception, and handling of complaints/denunciations.
  • Decision-Making: Fundamental innovation in deciding important national matters.
  • Foreign Affairs: Enhanced parliamentary diplomacy on bilateral and multilateral levels.
  • Session Organization: Numerous improvements and flexibility in organizing sessions.
  • Record Number of Sessions: 19 sessions, including 9 extraordinary sessions, to address urgent matters.
  • Government Reform: The National Assembly set an example in streamlining its own apparatus and actively implementing tasks for the two-tier local government model.
  • Future Outlook (16th National Assembly):
    • Emphasized transforming institutional reform into a competitive advantage and development driver.
    • Reiterated the three core functions: legislation, supreme oversight, and decision-making on important national issues.
    • Legislation: To be a "breakthrough of breakthroughs," leading and guiding national development, encouraging innovation, unleashing labor potential, mobilizing resources, ensuring fair competition, and enhancing integration. Focus on new areas like digital economy, digital assets, data, renewable energy, circular economy, climate change, and non-traditional security.
    • Oversight: Focus on land management, resources, environment, anti-corruption, waste prevention, protection of human rights and citizens' rights, linked to practical realities and public feedback.
    • Role of Deputies: Urged deputies to demonstrate a spirit of contribution, boldness in thinking and action, innovation, and responsibility, acting as true representatives of the people's will.
    • Modernization: Continuous improvement of National Assembly operations, reducing formality, increasing substance, and comprehensive digital transformation, aiming for a "digital National Assembly" and AI application.
    • Coordination: Enhanced coordination between National Assembly bodies, the Government, the Fatherland Front, the Supreme People's Court, the Supreme People's Procuracy, the State Audit, and other agencies.
• President Lương Cường's Report on Term Performance (2021-2026):
  • Affirmed diligent execution of duties with high responsibility, in coordination with other political system bodies.
  • Strict adherence to the Party's work program, decisive implementation of the 13th Party Congress resolutions.
  • Led the development and implementation of seven strategic resolutions.
  • Key Areas of Work: Legislation, executive, judiciary, national defense, security, and building national unity.
  • Engagement with the Public: Closely monitored national affairs and people's lives, visited localities, inspected and directed tasks, and offered solutions. Visited and encouraged those with contributions to the revolution, people in remote areas, border islands, and disaster-affected regions.
  • International Treaties: Diligently signed international treaties.
  • Awards and Recognition: Focused on innovating and improving the quality of commendation work.
  • National Defense and Security: Inspected training and combat readiness of units in key border and island areas.
  • Judicial Reform: Served as Head of the Central Judicial Reform Steering Committee, Chairman of the National Defense and Security Council, and Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces.
  • Legislation: Promulgated 99 laws and 7 ordinances.
  • Judicial System: Directed the organization and improvement of the judicial system for efficiency.
  • Pardon: Directed the strict implementation of the Amnesty Law, issuing pardon decisions for seven times more individuals than the previous term. Resolved backlog of death penalty cases.
  • Foreign Affairs: Contributed significantly to the Party and State's foreign policy. Established new milestones in diplomatic relations.
    • Upgraded relations to Comprehensive Strategic Partnerships with 10 countries, bringing the total to 13.
    • Elevated multilateral diplomacy from active participation to proactive contribution in regional and international cooperation mechanisms.
    • Demonstrated Vietnam's role as a reliable friend, partner, and responsible member of the international community.
  • Five Lessons Learned:
    1. Strict adherence to Party leadership and proper execution of the President's functions and powers.
    2. Strengthening close and effective coordination.
    3. Promoting the people's right to mastery, respecting and serving the people wholeheartedly.
    4. Consistent adherence to the Party's defense, security, and foreign policy, prioritizing national interests.
    5. Building and maintaining the prestige and image of the Head of State as a symbol of national unity, self-reliance, and international solidarity.
  • Future Tasks:
    • Complete documents for the 14th Party Congress.
    • Effectively implement resolutions, resolve difficulties, and unlock potential for national development.
    • Advance judicial reform, building a professional, modern, just, and integrity-based judiciary.
    • Promote foreign affairs and international integration.
    • Strengthen national defense and security.
    • Consolidate and promote the strength of national unity under Party leadership.
• Deputy Prime Minister Nguyễn Hòa Bình's Report on Government Performance (2021-2026):
  • Highlighted the Government's unity, decisive action, and significant achievements despite unprecedented challenges.
  • Constitutional and Legal Implementation: Issued 116 action plans to effectively implement the Constitution, laws, and Party/National Assembly resolutions. Promoted decentralization with resource allocation and oversight.
  • Policy and Law Building: Shifted from management to development facilitation, from pre-inspection to post-inspection. Proposed laws with streamlined and facilitating mechanisms to perfect the socialist rule of law state and the socialist-oriented market economy.
  • Legislative Output: Held 45 specialized law-building sessions. Submitted resolutions for special mechanisms to the National Assembly. Passed 180 laws and ordinances (the highest number ever). Issued 1,400 resolutions and 820 decrees. Nearly 3,600 sub-legal documents were issued.
  • Strategic Breakthroughs: Continuously improved institutions, forming a comprehensive legal basis for governance and development.
  • Key Achievements:
    • Macroeconomic stability and high growth maintained.
    • Social security ensured.
    • Strong institutional reform.
    • Successful reform of the administrative apparatus.
    • Breakthrough development in strategic infrastructure.
    • Enhanced international position and prestige.
  • Foreign Economic Relations: Focused on negotiating, signing, and implementing international agreements and free trade agreements. Maintained and expanded multilateral and bilateral cooperation frameworks to foster peace and stability. Encouraged overseas Vietnamese to contribute to national development.
  • Future Focus:
    • Overcome limitations and shortcomings.
    • Achieve all set goals and targets.
    • 12 Key Areas:
      • Streamline the two-tier local government apparatus.
      • Perfect legal institutions.
      • Mobilize resources and create new growth drivers.
      • Accelerate administrative reform, simplify procedures, and improve online public services.
      • Promote high growth while maintaining macroeconomic stability and controlling inflation.
      • Advance industrialization, modernization, and economic restructuring.
      • Breakthrough development in science, technology, innovation, and digital transformation.
      • Develop synchronous and modern infrastructure, exploit new development spaces, with urban areas as regional growth drivers.
      • Build modern education systems.
      • Develop high-quality human resources.
      • Focus on cultural and social development, ensuring social security and improving people's lives.
      • Efficient resource management and disaster mitigation.
      • Strengthen national defense, security, and social order.
      • Enhance foreign affairs and international integration, focusing on economic diplomacy.
  • Anti-Corruption: Continued resolute fight against corruption, waste, and negativity. Promoted thrift, public reception, and dispute resolution. Enhanced information and communication to build social consensus.
  • Government Performance: The Government and Prime Minister successfully completed eight tasks assigned by the Constitution.
• Supreme People's Court President Lê Minh Chí's Report on Court Performance (2021-2026):
  • Quality of Adjudication: Ensured and improved.
  • Caseload: Handled over 2.7 million cases, with a resolution rate exceeding 97%.
  • Appeals/Revisions: Annual rate of judgments/decisions overturned or revised due to subjective reasons remained below National Assembly targets.
  • Fairness: Adjudication was strict, just, and lawful, with no cases of wrongful conviction detected. Focus on recovering assets from corruption cases.
  • Training: Organized nearly 21,000 experience-sharing trial sessions to improve advocacy quality and reduce backlogs.
  • Mediation: Courts emphasized dialogue between parties.
  • Transparency: Published nearly 1.8 million judgments/decisions with over 222 million accesses.
  • Online Trials: Conducted over 53,000 online trials, facilitating access to justice.
  • Post-Reform Stability: Courts quickly stabilized after organizational reforms, ensuring smooth case resolution and protecting the legal rights and interests of citizens and businesses.
• Supreme People's Procuracy Report on Term Performance:
  • Prosecutorial Work: Implemented the "4S" approach (earlier, closer, deeper, sharper), meeting and exceeding National Assembly targets.
  • Crime Detection: Handled over 674,552 sources of information on crimes. Initiated prosecution for 3,871 cases. Issued 8,290 remedial recommendations and 3,224 preventive recommendations.
  • Investigation: Prosecutors directly questioned over 190,000 defendants. Rejected over 2,000 arrest/detention warrants lacking sufficient grounds. 100% prosecution within deadlines, 99.9% correct charges.
  • Technology: Operated an intelligent command center, piloted a criminal case management platform, and engaged in international cooperation against transnational crime.
  • Future Tasks: Implement 14th Party Congress resolutions, laws, and National Assembly resolutions. Continue legal and judicial reform. Innovate prosecutorial and judicial oversight. Effectively handle civil procedural tasks.
• State Audit's Report on Term Performance (2021-2026):
  • Focus Areas: Audited major issues related to public finance, public assets, land, and natural resources.
  • Key Audits:
    • Implementation of National Assembly Resolution 43 on fiscal and monetary policies for economic recovery and development.
    • Mobilization, management, and use of resources for COVID-19 prevention and control, and support policies.
  • Regulatory Framework: Issued or co-issued 34 legal normative documents and 150 management documents.
  • Budget Audits: Reviewed and adjusted procedures for the two-tier local government model. Audited state budget final accounts for 2025. Provided 1,749 reports and documents to investigative agencies (a nearly fourfold increase from the previous term).
  • Referrals: Transferred 17 cases to the police for investigation of alleged legal violations. Directly audited two cases with signs of corruption.
  • Financial Recommendations: As of September 30, recommended financial handling of over VND 254,000 billion and USD 125 million.
  • Legal Amendments: Recommended amendment, supplementation, or repeal of 938 legal normative and management documents (a 19.3% increase).
  • Public Service Discipline: Emphasized discipline and solicited feedback from audited entities. Operated a hotline.
  • 2026 Audit Plan: 100% audit of budget final accounts for central agencies and localities, four years ahead of the strategic development plan.
  • Future Tasks: Complete the legal framework, enhance human resource quality, promote digital transformation, focus on high-profile issues, and manage audit activities to prevent violations.
• Deputy Prime Minister Hồ Đức Phước's Report on State Budget Implementation (2025):
  • Revenue: 9-month revenue reached 96.7% of the estimate. Full-year estimate: approximately VND 238.8 trillion, a 16.9% increase from 2024 and 21.5% above the target. Government aims to exceed the target by about 25%.
  • Expenditure: 9-month expenditure reached 63.1% of the estimate. Full-year estimate: on target, with efforts to disburse 100%.
  • Policy Implementation: Approximately VND 116 trillion allocated for policies related to personnel restructuring under Decrees 178 and 67. Sufficient funds (3% of total state budget expenditure) allocated for implementing Resolution 7.
  • Economic and Financial Committee's Recommendation: Urged the Government to implement proactive and flexible fiscal policies, accelerate public investment disbursement, address the issue of carried-over funds, and promptly issue principles and criteria for allocating development investment capital for the two-tier local government model.

4. Conclusion/Synthesis

The 10th session of the 15th National Assembly marked a significant period of review, decision-making, and forward planning. The session underscored the government's commitment to economic development, social welfare, institutional reform, and strengthening national defense and security, despite facing numerous domestic and international challenges. The legislative agenda was extensive, reflecting a proactive approach to lawmaking and policy development. Key themes included the pursuit of sustainable and inclusive growth, the importance of innovation and digital transformation, and the continued efforts to improve governance and public services. The session also highlighted the collective efforts and lessons learned from the past term, setting a clear direction for future national development.