Thế giới toàn cảnh 04/01: Mỹ - Venezuela: Từ trừng phạt đến xung đột | VTV24

Key Concepts

• Mỹ - Venezuela Crisis (Khủng hoảng Mỹ - Venezuela): The core focus, detailing a large-scale US operation within Venezuelan territory and the ensuing international reactions.
• Sovereignty & International Law (Chủ quyền & Luật pháp Quốc tế): Repeatedly invoked by Venezuela and other nations in response to the US actions.
• Economic Sanctions & Military Pressure (Trừng phạt Kinh tế & Áp lực Quân sự): The tactics employed by the US administration against Venezuela.
• International Condemnation (Sự Lên Án Quốc Tế): The widespread disapproval of the US operation from various countries and organizations.
• Vietnamese Government Response (Phản ứng của Chính phủ Việt Nam): Vietnam’s call for respect of international law and peaceful resolution.
• EU Housing Crisis (Khủng hoảng Nhà ở EU): The EU’s acknowledgement of a housing crisis and new framework to address it.
• US Credit Card Debt (Nợ Thẻ Tín Dụng Mỹ): The increasing burden of high credit card interest rates on American consumers.

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I. The US Operation in Venezuela & International Reactions (Chiến dịch của Mỹ tại Venezuela & Phản ứng Quốc tế)

The primary focus of the report is the large-scale US operation within Venezuelan territory, including the reported capture of President Nicolás Maduro and his wife. This operation was initiated after weeks of escalating pressure from the Trump administration, encompassing expanded sanctions and increased US military presence in the region.

Specifically, the US imposed high taxes on countries purchasing Venezuelan oil and offered rewards for the capture of President Maduro. From September 2025, the US increased its military presence in the Caribbean, deploying aircraft carriers, warships, and fighter jets, alongside operations targeting vessels suspected of drug trafficking, resulting in over 100 casualties. A complete embargo on all oil tankers operating to and from Venezuela was ordered in mid-December 2025, followed by the first US ground assault on Venezuelan soil targeting a port, ostensibly to dismantle drug trafficking networks. The situation culminated in explosions in Caracas, with President Trump subsequently announcing the successful operation and the capture of Maduro.

This action immediately faced opposition both domestically within the US – with senators from both the Democratic and Republican parties deeming it illegal and unjustified – and internationally. Venezuelan Foreign Minister requested an urgent meeting of the UN Security Council. Defense Minister of Venezuela affirmed the country’s commitment to peace but readiness to defend its sovereignty, accusing the Trump administration of violating the UN Charter and international law, threatening regional peace and stability. He argued the stated anti-drug operation was a pretext for regime change and resource seizure.

Notable Quotes:

• “Venezuela theo đuổi hòa bình, sóng sẵn sàng bảo vệ chủ quyền đất nước.” (Venezuela pursues peace and is ready to defend its sovereignty.) – Venezuelan Defense Minister.
• “Mỹ sẽ điều hành Venezuela trong giai đoạn truyền tiếp cho đến khi bảo đảm một quá trình chuyển giao quyền lực an toàn và ổn định.” (The US will manage Venezuela during the transition period until ensuring a safe and stable transfer of power.) – President Donald Trump.

II. International Responses & Condemnation (Phản ứng và Lên án Quốc tế)

The international community largely condemned the US operation.

• Russia: The Russian Foreign Ministry labeled the US attack on Venezuela as a concerning and unacceptable development, supporting the call for an emergency UN Security Council meeting. Russia emphasized the need to prevent further escalation and seek a resolution through dialogue.
• European Union: The EU expressed close monitoring of the situation, with the High Representative for Foreign Affairs calling for restraint and adherence to international law and the UN Charter. Spain offered to mediate a peaceful solution, while Belgium, Italy, and Germany pledged to closely monitor developments.
• China: China firmly condemned the use of force against a sovereign nation and its president, urging the US to comply with international law and the UN Charter.
• Latin American & Caribbean Nations: Several countries in the region issued statements condemning the attack as a violation of Venezuelan sovereignty and a threat to regional peace, expressing willingness to promote dialogue.

III. Historical Context & Escalation (Bối cảnh Lịch sử & Leo thang)

The report highlights the long-standing fraught relationship between the US and Venezuela, described as a “thùng thuốc súng” (powder keg). The crisis significantly worsened after the 2024 Venezuelan presidential election, with Nicolás Maduro securing a six-year term. The Trump administration subsequently implemented a “maximum pressure” campaign, combining crippling economic sanctions and military threats. This included imposing taxes on countries buying Venezuelan oil and offering a bounty for Maduro’s capture. The escalation continued with increased US military presence in the Caribbean from September 2025, and attacks on vessels suspected of drug trafficking, resulting in over 100 deaths.

IV. Vietnamese Government Position (Vị trí của Chính phủ Việt Nam)

The Vietnamese Ministry of Foreign Affairs expressed deep concern regarding the situation in Venezuela, urging all parties to respect international law, the UN Charter, and the principles of national sovereignty, non-use of force, and non-threat of force in international relations. Vietnam called for restraint, dialogue, and peaceful resolution of disputes based on international law to ensure peace, security, stability, and cooperation in the region and globally. The Ministry also issued a travel advisory, urging Vietnamese citizens in Venezuela to avoid dangerous areas, stay informed, and comply with local regulations, providing contact information for assistance.

Quote:

• “Việt Nam kêu gọi các bên liên quan tôn trọng luật pháp quốc tế, hiến chương Liên hợp quốc… không sử dụng vũ lực và đe dọa sử dụng vũ lực trong quan hệ quốc tế.” (Vietnam calls on all parties to respect international law, the UN Charter… not to use force and threaten the use of force in international relations.) – Phạm Thu Hằng, Spokesperson of the Vietnamese Ministry of Foreign Affairs.

V. Other International Developments (Các diễn biến Quốc tế khác)

• Indonesia: The Indonesian National Food Agency announced it would not import strategic food commodities (corn, rice, sugar) in 2026 due to sufficient domestic supply, aiming for self-sufficiency and potential export opportunities.
• Malaysia: Flooding in Malaysia has displaced over 1,500 people, with warnings of water levels reaching 3.5 meters in low-lying areas. Residents were advised to remain vigilant and follow instructions from authorities.

VI. EU Housing Crisis & Framework (Khủng hoảng Nhà ở EU & Khung hành động)

The European Commission has launched a framework to address the housing crisis, acknowledging the issue’s growing severity. The framework focuses on increasing supply, stimulating investment in new construction and renovation, and supporting those most affected. The EU recognizes a need for an additional 650,000 homes by the end of the decade, requiring an investment of €150 billion annually. The Commission plans to relax state aid regulations to facilitate investment and is considering legal frameworks to regulate short-term rentals (like Airbnb) to increase long-term housing availability.

VII. US Credit Card Debt Crisis (Khủng hoảng Nợ Thẻ Tín Dụng Mỹ)

The report details the growing burden of US credit card debt, exceeding $1.23 trillion, representing approximately 25% of total household debt. Average interest rates on credit cards are over 20%, consuming over 1/10 of disposable income for many households. The situation is exacerbated by high costs of living and stagnant incomes, creating a widening gap between the wealthy and the rest of the population. The report emphasizes that high credit card interest is a silent but widespread pressure on American consumers.

Conclusion:

The report paints a picture of a volatile international situation, dominated by the US operation in Venezuela and its widespread condemnation. The crisis highlights the importance of international law, sovereignty, and peaceful resolution of disputes. Alongside this geopolitical tension, the report also touches upon significant economic challenges facing both Europe (housing crisis) and the US (credit card debt), demonstrating a complex and interconnected global landscape. The Vietnamese government’s response underscores its commitment to international law and peaceful coexistence.