Sản phẩm giảm cân của Ngân 98 chứa những chất cấm nguy hại như thế nào? | VTV24

Key Concepts:

• Sibutramine: A banned substance previously used for weight loss, acting as a serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor in the brain.
• Phenolphthalein: A banned substance, formerly a chemical indicator, used for its laxative properties.
• Company Rubu: A company whose products were found to contain banned substances.
• Vo Thi Ngoc Ngan (Ngan 98): The operator of Company Rubu, arrested for producing and trading counterfeit food products.
• Adulterated Weight Loss Products: Products containing banned substances like sibutramine and phenolphthalein, often disguised as gifts or sold through unofficial channels.
• Health Risks: Severe health complications associated with sibutramine and phenolphthalein, including cardiovascular issues, neurological disorders, and increased cancer risk.
• Scientific Weight Loss Methods: Emphasizing balanced nutrition, exercise, and professional guidance as safe and effective weight loss strategies.

Summary:

Case of Company Rubu and Banned Substances

The transcript details the arrest of Vo Thi Ngoc Ngan, also known as Ngan 98, the operator of Company Rubu, for producing and trading counterfeit food products. The authorities discovered banned substances, specifically sibutramine and phenolphthalein, in the company's weight loss products. Ngan 98 allegedly collaborated with factories in Hanoi to produce weight loss products like X3, X7, and X1000, which were officially licensed. However, she also used a "gift with purchase" scheme to promote another product, "collagen vegetable pills," claiming rapid weight loss. Investigations revealed these products did not meet quality standards and contained the dangerous banned substances.

Nature and Mechanism of Banned Substances

Dr. Do Quoc Phong, Deputy Head of the Intensive Care and Toxicology Department at E Hospital, explains the nature of sibutramine and phenolphthalein.

• Sibutramine:

  • Mechanism: It inhibits the reuptake of serotonin and norepinephrine in the brain. This increases the concentration of these neurotransmitters, which are involved in nerve signaling.
  • Effects: Leads to increased heart rate, palpitations, a feeling of fullness, and suppressed appetite. This reduction in appetite is the primary mechanism for weight loss.
  • Technical Term: Serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor.

• Phenolphthalein:

  • Mechanism: Originally a chemical indicator, it acts as a laxative by increasing bowel movements.
  • Effects: Promotes increased defecation, leading to water loss and a reduction in body mass.
  • Technical Term: Laxative, electrolyte imbalance.

Health Risks and Bans

Both sibutramine and phenolphthalein have been banned due to severe health risks.

• Sibutramine:

  • FDA Ban: Banned by the US FDA in 2010 due to prolonged side effects, particularly on the cardiovascular system.
  • Risks: Irregular heartbeat, hypertension, increased risk of stroke, myocardial infarction (heart attack), emotional disturbances, mania, and suicidal behavior. It can cause neurological and psychiatric dysfunction.
  • Global Bans: Many countries followed the FDA's ban.

• Phenolphthalein:

  • Earlier Ban: Banned even earlier than sibutramine.
  • Risks: Long-term use can lead to electrolyte imbalances and dehydration. Research by cancer associations has linked its accumulation to an increased risk of gastrointestinal cancer.
  • Ban Year: Banned around 1999.

Despite these bans and warnings from the Ministry of Health in Vietnam, these substances persist in some weight loss products.

Reasons for Continued Use of Banned Substances

Dr. Phong outlines several reasons for the continued use of these dangerous substances:

1. High Profit Margins: Products are marketed for rapid weight loss, creating a false sense of efficacy similar to "detox" products. This leads to high sales and profitability, even with lower prices.
2. Lack of Public Awareness: Despite legal regulations, many people are unaware of the dangers associated with these banned substances.
3. Misinformation from Unofficial Media: Unregulated and unverified media channels can spread misleading information, contributing to the problem.

Real-World Case Studies and Consequences

The transcript presents alarming case studies illustrating the severe consequences of consuming weight loss products containing banned substances:

• Case 1: 27-Year-Old Woman:

  • Product: "Cốt bí xanh đi tốc VIP X7" (powdered form).
  • Diagnosis: Found to contain sibutramine.
  • Consequences: Direct brain damage, blockage of retinal arteries leading to near blindness, blockage of renal arteries causing kidney failure requiring dialysis. She remained in a critical condition, in a coma, and with severe kidney damage after three weeks of treatment.

• Case 2: 26-Year-Old Woman:

  • Product: Purchased online.
  • Symptoms: Developed fatigue and back pain after 10 days of use, followed by sudden, temporary episodes of blindness.
  • Deception: The seller denied containing banned substances and then blocked the patient when she discovered the truth. They continued to operate, claiming that only one person was affected.

These cases highlight the deceptive practices of some sellers who continue to endanger the public for profit.

Recommendations for Consumers

• For Those Who Have Used Suspect Products:

  • Immediate Medical Check-up: Advised to visit a healthcare facility for examination.
  • Purpose: To detect potential damage to the nervous system, heart rhythm, electrolyte balance, liver, and kidney function.
  • Management: Identify risk factors, manage underlying conditions (e.g., hypertension, coronary artery disease), and monitor electrolyte and organ function. Medical professionals will provide appropriate treatment and advice.

• For Those Considering Weight Loss:

  • Be a "Smart Dieter": Adopt scientifically recognized methods.
  • Professional Guidance: Consult with nutritionists for a balanced diet plan and fitness trainers for exercise routines.
  • Balanced Nutrition: Ensure adequate nutrient intake during weight loss to avoid harming organs.
  • Product Verification: Always check the origin, manufacturer, and ingredients of any product.
  • Avoid Unverified Products: Do not use weight loss products with unclear origins, especially imported or "hand-carried" items.

Understanding the Delayed Effects

Dr. Phong explains why the harmful effects of these banned substances are often not immediate:

• Sibutramine:

  • Delayed Onset: Side effects typically manifest after several days or weeks as the substance accumulates and affects the serotonin and norepinephrine systems, impacting heart rate, blood pressure, and potentially leading to stroke. High doses might cause immediate effects, but this is less common.
  • Symptoms to Watch For: Palpitations, hand tremors, rapid heartbeat, increased blood pressure, anxiety, restlessness, and general discomfort.

• Phenolphthalein:

  • Gradual Impact: The laxative effect leads to dehydration and electrolyte imbalances over time. Prolonged use can cause severe dehydration and potassium deficiency (hypokalemia), which can be life-threatening.

Therefore, even if no immediate symptoms are present, it is crucial to seek medical attention if any concerning symptoms arise after using such products.

Conclusion

The transcript concludes by emphasizing that weight loss products are not miracle cures. Consumers must exercise caution and consult with healthcare professionals before using any weight loss medication. If prescribed, close health monitoring during the usage period is essential. The program thanks Dr. Do Quoc Phong for his valuable and practical advice.