Octoverse 2025: AI, India, and the new #1 programming language

Key Concepts

• Generative AI as Ordinary Engineering: The integration of generative AI tools into standard software development workflows.
• TypeScript's Dominance: The rise of TypeScript as the most-used programming language on GitHub.
• AI's Influence on Developer Choices: How AI is guiding developers towards more reliable coding practices and languages.
• Global Developer Growth: The significant increase in developers from emerging economies, particularly India.

2025 GitHub Octoverse Report: Key Trends and Insights

The 2025 GitHub Octoverse report highlights a period of significant transformation driven by the pervasive influence of Artificial Intelligence (AI) within the developer community. The platform witnessed unprecedented growth, with over 630 million projects and a developer base exceeding 180 million, experiencing an average influx of more than one new developer per second. This surge in activity resulted in nearly one billion commits, marking the fastest growth rate ever recorded.

Global Developer Landscape Redrawn

A striking observation from the report is the rapid diversification of the global developer map. In 2025, one in three developers on GitHub originated from countries not among the top ten in 2020. This indicates a significant shift, with nations like India, Brazil, and Indonesia experiencing substantial growth in their developer populations. India, in particular, accounted for 14% of all new developers on GitHub in the past year, with projections suggesting it will contribute one in three new developers by 2030.

Three Major Shifts Driving Growth

The report identifies three primary drivers behind this accelerated growth:

1. Generative AI as Ordinary Engineering: Generative AI has transitioned from a nascent technology to an integral part of everyday engineering practices. The number of AI-related repositories on GitHub nearly doubled in under two years, reaching 4.3 million. This signifies not just theoretical interest but practical application, with AI tools becoming embedded in the daily workflows of both new and experienced developers, thereby attracting more individuals to the field.

2. TypeScript's Ascendancy: TypeScript has emerged as the most-used programming language on GitHub, surpassing Python and JavaScript. Its growth was fueled by over a million new contributors in the past year. The report attributes this rapid adoption to the inherent advantages of typed languages in catching errors that AI might introduce, making them more appealing for large-scale development projects.

3. AI Shaping Developer Decisions: Beyond influencing the code itself, AI is beginning to shape the choices developers make. The rise of TypeScript is presented as evidence of this trend, suggesting that AI nudges developers towards languages that enhance the reliability of AI-generated output. This indicates a fundamental change in not only what is built but also how it is constructed.

AI: Augmenting, Not Replacing, Developers

The overarching message from the report is that AI is not a force for replacing developers but rather a tool that empowers them to build more efficiently and at a greater scale, irrespective of their geographical location. The platform of GitHub serves as the central hub for this evolving landscape.

Further Information

For more detailed insights, readers are directed to gh.io/octoverse.