Iraq elections: Record number of women running for parliament

Key Concepts

• Women's political participation in Iraq
• Barriers faced by women in Iraqi politics (societal, structural, financial)
• Disability and marginalization in Iraq
• Constitutional quotas for women in parliament
• The role of political parties and networks
• Campaigning challenges for female candidates

Ri Nazam's Candidacy: A Remarkable Journey

Ri Nazam, a pharmacist from Alkut, a mother, and a person living with a disability, is running in the general elections in Iraq. Her decision is described as "nothing short of remarkable" given the societal and structural challenges. She explicitly states her motivation: "As a woman, I'm already marginalized. And as a person with special needs, I belong to a group with no rights in Iraq. I want to reach parliament to serve people like me and to pass the laws we need." Her husband, Zade, assists her in overcoming obstacles.

Societal Opposition and Campaign Challenges

Ri Nazam faces significant societal pushback, with some individuals advising her to focus on her pharmacy and health, questioning her chances of bringing change when even able-bodied individuals have failed. Despite these challenges, Ri Nazam is determined to win. She must compete against thousands of men and over 2,200 women, the highest number of female candidates since 2003.

The Quota System and its Limitations

The current Iraqi parliament has 95 women out of 329 lawmakers. Iraq's constitution mandates that a quarter of parliamentary seats be allocated to women. However, the transcript highlights that "quotas don't equal power." Decision-making remains largely dominated by men, influenced by "party buses and traditional political networks." Therefore, for women entering politics, the goal is not just to win a seat but to "break the structure made to keep them out."

Other Women Entering Politics: Hari's Perspective

Hari, who manages staff and students at a school in Baghdad, is another woman aspiring to enter politics to "help shape the decisions that will define Iraq's future." She emphasizes the need for women's involvement in decision-making, stating, "Women should be part of the decision making. We've always been up to the challenge. We just need the chance."

The Uphill Road Ahead

Both Ri Nazam and Hari face significant hurdles. Hari notes that her campaign posters are displayed on the same streets as those of male candidates who possess "deeper pockets and powerful connections." She acknowledges that "the odds are staked against her, but believes change has to begin somewhere."

Conclusion

The transcript illustrates the profound challenges women face in Iraqi politics, even with constitutional quotas. Ri Nazam and Hari represent a growing movement of women determined to overcome societal prejudice, structural barriers, and financial disadvantages to participate in governance and advocate for marginalized groups. Their candidacies underscore the struggle to break down established power structures and ensure women's voices are heard in shaping Iraq's future.