Hà Nội: Người dân chờ hơn chục năm vẫn chưa được cấp sổ đỏ đất ruộng | VTV24

Key Concepts

• Dồn điền đổi thửa: Land consolidation and allocation – a process of reorganizing land plots, often involving redistribution among households.
• Sổ đỏ (Red Book): Land Use Right Certificate – the official document in Vietnam certifying land ownership rights.
• Giải phóng mặt bằng (Land Clearance): The process of acquiring land for development projects, often involving compensation to landowners.
• Quyền sử dụng đất (Land Use Rights): The rights to use land, as defined by Vietnamese law.
• Quy chủ: Establishing land ownership and boundaries.

I. Background and Citizen Complaints

The report focuses on the prolonged issue of land title certification (Sổ đỏ) for agricultural land in Bảo Vệ 1 and Bảo Vệ 2 hamlets, Phúc Thọ commune, Hanoi. Residents have been awaiting their land titles for over a decade following a land consolidation and allocation (dồn điền đổi thửa) process initiated in 2014. This contrasts with other hamlets in the area where land titles were issued promptly. Citizens express frustration over repeated requests at constituent meetings yielding no resolution. A resident voiced concern stating, “Gia đình nhà tôi là có chiến khẩu từ thế hệ bố mẹ tôi đến các anh chị tôi với các con các cháu của tôi. Thế bây giờ không có sổ đỏ cấp cho chúng tôi thì chúng tôi cũng không biết quyền của từng người một thì sau này mãi ảnh hưởng đến các con tôi thì các con tôi biết giải quyết thế nào?” (My family has resided here for generations, from my parents to my siblings and their children. Without a land title, we don’t know the rights of each individual, and this will affect my children and their ability to resolve issues in the future). Complaints center around a lack of explanation for the delay and perceived inaction from local authorities. One resident described submitting completed applications that were “đút vào tủ không gửi lên huyện” (put in a cabinet and not sent to the district level).

II. Root Causes of the Delay: Discrepancies in Land Allocation

A primary reason for the delay is identified as inaccuracies in the initial land allocation process. Some households were reportedly allocated excess land area during the 2014 dồn điền đổi thửa. This issue became particularly relevant during recent land clearance (Giải phóng mặt bằng) for an inter-commune road project. Several households, rather than accepting monetary compensation for their land, requested that the excess land allocated to them be deducted from their holdings to expedite the issuance of land titles. Currently, approximately 50% of households in the area have not received their land use right certificates. Of these, 36 households were identified as having been issued certificates “cấp trái tầm quyền” (beyond authorized power), suggesting irregularities in previous issuances.

III. Impact of Missing Land Titles

The lack of land titles is hindering further development and causing administrative difficulties. Specifically, the absence of official documentation complicates land verification and area confirmation, creating significant obstacles during land clearance procedures. The local authorities acknowledge this, stating that the lack of certificates “gây khó khăn trong việc giải phóng mặt bằng” (creates difficulties in land clearance).

IV. Local Government Response and Planned Actions

The Phúc Thọ commune People's Committee acknowledges the problem and has initiated a review of the cases where land titles have not been issued. This review revealed “nhiều sai lệch về số liệu chia ruộng” (numerous discrepancies in land allocation data), including instances of excessive land allocation and incorrect allocation to ineligible recipients. The commune plans to prioritize funding in 2026 for a comprehensive re-measurement and land ownership establishment (quy chủ) process. This is intended to generate accurate data necessary for issuing land titles.

The commune representative stated, “Và ngay trong tuần sau là chúng tôi sẽ về làm việc với tất cả các hộ dân để chúng tôi thống nhất và đề nghị nhân dân có những cái trường hợp vướng mắc như trên thì phối hợp cung cấp toàn bộ hồ sơ để chúng ta thực hiện cho nó đảm bảo theo quy định của luật đất đai.” (And next week, we will meet with all households to reach a consensus and request that residents with such issues cooperate by providing all relevant documentation to ensure compliance with land law regulations).

V. Citizen Acceptance and Future Outlook

The majority of residents have expressed agreement with the proposed re-measurement process. They are willing to return any excess land identified during the re-survey. They emphasize their desire for a swift and definitive resolution to the issue, enabling them to “yên tâm sản xuất và thực hiện các quyền trên đất của mình” (produce with peace of mind and exercise their rights on the land).

Conclusion

The situation in Bảo Vệ 1 and Bảo Vệ 2 hamlets highlights the challenges associated with implementing land policies and the importance of accurate record-keeping. The delay in issuing land titles stems from initial errors in the dồn điền đổi thửa process and has created significant difficulties for residents. The local government’s commitment to re-measurement and land ownership establishment offers a potential path towards resolution, contingent on effective implementation and cooperation from all stakeholders. The case underscores the critical role of land titles in securing property rights and facilitating economic development.